How long will this file take to download?
This download time calculator links three values: file size, connection speed and time. Enter any two and it gives you the third, with the working shown, so it doubles as a bandwidth calculator when you need to know what speed a job requires. It also converts Mbps to MB/s, shows a table of examples and estimates the data used by streaming. One thing to know up front: it does not test your connection. It calculates from the speed you type in, and everything runs in your browser.
How to use it
- Set "Real-world efficiency (%)": 90% by default, or pick a button from 100% down to 50%.
- On the "Time and speed" tab, choose after "Find": "the time", "the speed" or "the size". The box being worked out is marked "result".
- Pick a "Direction": "Download" uses the "Download speed", "Upload" uses the "Upload speed", which the tool keeps separately.
- Fill in the other two boxes. Time is entered in days, hours, minutes and seconds, and the answer comes back in the same form.
- "Copy link" creates an address that reopens the calculation with your values.
Bits and bytes: the factor of 8
One byte is 8 bits. Internet plans quote speeds in megabits per second (Mbps or Mbit/s), while files and download managers use megabytes (MB). A small "b" means bit, a capital "B" means byte. To go from Mbps to MB/s, divide by 8: 100 Mbps is 12.5 MB/s. The "Mbps ↔ MB/s" tab converts both ways.
GB or GiB: decimal and binary prefixes
kB, MB, GB and TB are multiples of 1,000: 1 GB = 1,000,000,000 bytes. KiB, MiB, GiB and TiB are multiples of 1,024: 1 GiB = 1,073,741,824 bytes. Some operating systems show GiB but label them "GB", which is why a drive sold as 1 TB appears as about 931 GiB (0.91 TiB).
Formula and worked examples
time (s) = size in bytes × 8 ÷ (speed in bit/s × efficiency)
| Calculation | Result |
|---|---|
| 4 GB at 100 Mbps, 100% | 32,000,000,000 ÷ 100,000,000 = 320 s, i.e. 5 min 20 s |
| 4 GiB at 100 Mbps, 100% | 343.6 s |
| 4 GB at 100 Mbps, 90% | 355.6 s, i.e. 5 min 56 s |
| 1 TB at 1 Gbps, 100% | 8,000 s, i.e. 2 h 13 min 20 s |
| 10 GB in 10 minutes | 133.3 Mbps usable, 148.1 Mbps advertised at 90% |
The "Examples" tab runs the same sum for four typical files and five example speeds, from 8 Mbps to 8 Gbps.
Why real speed is lower than advertised
An advertised speed is a ceiling. Part of every packet carries network protocol headers, Wi-Fi loses a lot through walls and distance, and the server on the other end may be slower than your line. Hence the efficiency setting: 90% for a healthy Ethernet cable, often less on Wi-Fi.
Download and upload
Upload speed is often much lower than download speed, especially on cable, DSL and mobile networks. Sending a 20 GB backup to the cloud over a 20 Mbps upload at 90% takes 8,888.9 s, or 2 h 28 min 9 s.
Streaming data use
The "Streaming" tab multiplies a stream's bitrate by its duration: 5 Mbps for 2 hours is 5 × 7,200 ÷ 8 = 4,500 MB, or 4.5 GB, which is 2.25 GB per hour. As a rough guide, standard definition video often runs at around 1 to 3 Mbps, HD at around 5 Mbps and 4K between 15 and 25 Mbps, while music needs only a few hundred kbps. Actual figures vary by service and quality setting.
FAQ
Does this tool measure my internet speed?
No. It runs no speed test: it calculates from the value you enter. Run a speed test first if you want your real figure, then type it in here.
Why does my download show 12 MB/s on a 100 Mbps plan?
That is expected: 100 Mbps ÷ 8 = 12.5 MB/s at most. The software counts bytes, the plan counts bits.
Should I pick GB or GiB?
Use the unit shown next to the file. If unsure, the gap is small for a time estimate: 4 GiB is 4.29 GB, 7.4% more.
What efficiency should I enter?
90% is a sensible starting point on a wired connection. If your speed test already gives the real speed, set 100% so losses are not counted twice.